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171．The curb cut （下斜路緣）.It's a convenience that most of us rarely，if ever，notice.Yet，without it，daily life might be a lot harder—in more ways than one.Pushing a baby stroller onto the curb，skateboarding onto a sidewalk or taking a full grocery cart from the sidewalk to your car—all these tasks are easier because of the curb cut.
But it was created with a different purpose in mind.
It's hard to imagine today，but back in the 1970s，most sidewalks in the United States ended with a sharp drop-off.That was a big deal for people in wheelchairs because there were no ramps （斜坡） to help them move along city blocks without assistance.According to one disability rights leader，a six-inch curb "might as well have been Mount Everest".So，activists from Berkeley，California，who also needed wheelchairs，organized a campaign to create tiny ramps at intersections to help people dependent on wheels move up and down curbs independently.
I think about the "curb cut effect" a lot when working on issues around health equity （公平）.The first time I even heard about the curb cut was in a 2017 Stanford Social Innovation Review piece by PolicyLink CEO Angela Blackwell.Blackwell rightly noted that many people see equity "as a zero-sum game." Basically，that there is a "prejudiced societal suspicion that intentionally supporting one group hurts another." What the curb cut effect shows though，Blackwell said，is that "when society creates the circumstances that allow those who have been left behind to participate and contribute fully，everyone wins."
There are multiple examples of this principle at work.For example，investing in policies that create more living-wage jobs or increase the availability of affordable housing certainly benefits people in communities that have limited options.But，the action also empowers those people with opportunities for better health and the means to become contributing members of society—and that benefits everyone.Even the football huddle （圍成一團(tuán)以秘密商討） was initially created to help deaf football players at Gallaudet College keep their game plans secret from opponents who could have read their sign language.Today，it's used by every team to shield the opponent from learning about game-winning strategies.
So，next time you cross the street，or roll your suitcase through a crosswalk or ride your bike directly onto a sidewalk—think about how much the curb cut，that change in design that broke down walls of exclusion for one group of people at a disadvantage，has helped not just that group，but all of us.
（1）By "might as well have been Mount Everest" （paragraph 3），the disability rights leader implies that a six-inch curb may become.
A．a(chǎn)s famous as the world's highest mountain
B．a(chǎn)n almost impassable barrier
C．a(chǎn) connection between people
D．a(chǎn) most unforgettable matter
（2）According to Angela Blackwell，many people believe that.
A．it's fair to give the disadvantaged more help than others
B．it's impossible to have everyone be treated equally
C．it's necessary to go all out to help the disabled
D．it's not worthwhile to promote health equity
（3）Which of the following examples best illustrates the "curb cut effect" principle？
A．Spaceflight designs are applied to life on earth.
B．Four great inventions of China spread to the west.
C．Christopher Columbus discovered the new world.
D．Classic literature got translated into many languages.
（4）What conclusion can be drawn from the passage？
A．Everyday items are originally invented for people with disabilities.
B．Everyone in a society should pursue what is in his or her interest.
C．A disability rights leader changed the life of his fellow men.
D．Caring for disadvantaged groups may finally benefit all.發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:0:1組卷：8引用：3難度：0.3172．Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships.For example，in American culture （文化） the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.Yet it also has other uses.A woman's smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child.A smile may show love or poljye.aieness.It can also hide true feelings.It often causes confusion （困惑） across cultures.For example，many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper.Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places （although this is less common in big cities）.Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places；some Americans believe that Russians don't smile enough.In Southeast Asian cultures，a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions （情感），but we should not attempt to "read" people from another culture as we would "read" someone from our own culture.The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.
Rather，there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted.For example，in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do.When with friends，Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States.People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than ojye.airs.The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are djye.aiferent.If we judge according to our own cultural habits，we may make the mistake of "reading" the other person incorrectly.
（1）What does the smile usually mean in America？
A．Love.
B．Politeness.
C．Joy.
D．Thankfulness.
（2）The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can.
A．show friendliness to strangers
B．be used to hide true feelings
C．be used in the wrong places
D．show personal habits
（3）What should we do before attempting（嘗試） to "read" people？
A．Learn about their relations with others.
B．Understand their cultural backgrounds.
C．Find out about their past experience.
D．Figure out what they will do next.
（4）What would be the best title for the test？
A．Cultural Differences
B．Smiles and Relationship
C．Facial Expressiveness
D．Habits and Emotions發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:0:1組卷：4引用：3難度：0.6173．How to Learn from Your Regrets Regret's benefits don't come to us by chance.（1）
.Here are three steps you can take the next time you find yourself thinking carefully about your past missteps.
Kill the ghost（鬼魂）.
People often say their regrets keep coming to their mind.This suggests that regret is like a ghost.Bring your ghost out of the shadows by making a list of your regrets.Write down why each one still bothers you and its bad effects.（2）.
Forgive yourself.
（3），but sometimes you just can't stop blaming yourself.Perhaps you dropped out of school decades ago and are constantly calculating today how much money you would be making if you had pressed on to graduation.Now is the time to declare："I will not waste my life reliving a decision that cannot be changed."
Collect your diploma.
Regret is like a school run by human nature.If you never experienced regret，you would keep repeating the same behaviors that led you to miss opportunities. （4）.Next，list all the ways that you can invest in your own skills and improvement right now — and get started.
Regrets may hurt.（5），while trying to live without them is a lost opportunity to grow.Life is a journey full of pleasures and pains.To live it well and fully means learning from every bit of it，including the mistakes，and moving forward.
A.After you make a mistake，life moves on
B.Filling your mind with them is destructive
C.The ghost certainly doesn't rule a person's life
D.We have to seek them out on purpose to improve ourselves
E.You will find that a list is a lot less frightening than a ghost
F.You choose a life sentence for a poor decision you made in the past
G.If you let regret teach，you can note how you want to change your behavior發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:0:1組卷：3引用：5難度：0.4174．Most vegetables we buy in winter are planted in the ________.（ ?。?/h2>
發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:0:1組卷：4引用：3難度：0.9175．Before ______ into the city，you are required to get your car_______.（ ?。?/h2>
發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:0:1組卷：35引用：6難度：0.9176．Now I spend three weeks out of every month _________ and have over 464，000 fans _________ me online.（ ?。?/h2>
發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:0:1組卷：35引用：2難度：0.5177．You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or a creator．When you choose to be a victim，the world is a cold and difficult place． "They" did things to you which caused all of your pain and suffering． " They" are wrong and bad，and life is terrible as long as " they" are around．Or you may blame yourself for all your problems，thus internalizing（內(nèi)化） your victimization．The truth is，your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others．
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently．They know there are individuals who might like to control their lives，but they don't let this get in the way．They know they have their weaknesses，yet they don't blame themselves when they fail．Whatever happens，they have choice in the matter．They believe their dance with each sacred（神圣的） moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and spiritual growth．
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities，yet their experience of life is worlds apart．Victims relish （沉溺） in anger，guilt，and other emotions that cause others-and even themselves-to feel like victims，too．Creators consciously choose love，inspiration，and other qualities which inspire not only themselves，but all around them．Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of their lives．
In reality，all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives．One person，on losing a job or a special relationship，may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months，years，or even a lifetime．Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief，then accept the loss and soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life．In every moment and every circumstance，you can choose to have a fuller，richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within，and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are．
（1）What does the word "they" in Paragraph 1 probably refer to？
A．People and things around you．
B．Opportunities and problems．
C．Creators and their choices．
D．Victims and their sufferings．
（2）According to Paragraph 2，creators．
A．seem willing to experience failures in life
B．possess the ability to predict future life
C．handle ups and downs of life wisely
D．have potential to create something new
（3）The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4 show that．
A．strong attachment to （沉浸在） sufferings in life pulls people into victims
B．people need family support to deal with challengers in life
C．it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains
D．one's experiences determine his attitude toward life
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing this passage？
A．To define victims and creators．
B．To evaluate victims against creators．
C．To explain the relationship between victims and creators．
D．To suggest the transformation from victims to creators．發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:0:1組卷：15引用：6難度：0.5178．The shop owner will get all these goods ordered _______to the customers today．（ ?。?/h2>
發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:0:1組卷：38引用：6難度：0.9179．Wouldn't it be wonderful to travel to a foreign country without having to worry about the headache of communicating in a different language？
In a recent Wall Street journal article，technology policy expert Alec Ross argued that，within a decade or so．We'll be able to communicate with one another via small earpieces with built-in microphones．That's because technological progress is extremely rapid．It's only a matter of time．Indeed，some parents are so convinced that this technology is imminent that they're wondering if their kids should even learn a second language．
It's true that an increase in the quantity and accuracy（準(zhǔn)確） of the data loaded into computers make them cleverer at translating "No es bueno dormir mucho" as "It's not good to sleep too much．" Replacing a word with its equivalent（同義詞） in the target language is actually the "easy part of a translator's job"．But even this seems to be a discouraging task for computers．
It's so difficult for computers because translation doesn't-or shouldn't-involve simply translating words，sentences or paragraphs．Rather，it's about translating meaning．And in order to infer meaning from a specific expression，humans have to interpret a mass of information at the same time．Think about all the related clues that go into understanding an expression：volume，gesture，situation，and even your culture．All are likely to convey as much meaning as the words you use．
Therefore，we should doubt whether a machine is able to translate the world around us．If people from different cultures can offend each other without realizing it，how can we expect a machine to do better？Unless engineers actually find a way to breathe a soul into a computer，undoubtedly when it comes to conveying and translation meaning using a natural language，a machine will never fully take our place．
（1）What does the underlined word "imminent" in Paragraph 2 probably mean？
A．Ready．
B．Coming．
C．Helpful．
D．Advanced．
（2）Why is it hard for computers to replace a word with its equivalent（同義詞）？
A．Their data is not adequate（充足的） enough．
B．The real meaning of words can change．
C．Their accuracy needs big improvement．
D．A soul hasn't been breathed into them．
（3）What view does the author hold about translation？
A．Proper translation can be difficult for humans．
B．Slight difference mean little in translation．
C．Some machines will translate our world properly．
D．Cultures deserve more attention than words used．
（4）What is the best title for the text？
A．A New Language Translating Machine
B．Translation Will Become Easier
C．Who Will Be a Better Translator
D．Will Language Barrier（障礙） Actually Fall發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:0:1組卷：2引用：2難度：0.6180．We all have days，or even weeks，on the job when our productivity declines．But if your output has been steadily decreasing，it could be because you're wasting time rather than focusing on key tasks at hand．（1）
．
Turn off your cellphone
If you're eager to stop wasting time at the office，silence your cellphone．（2）．Turn on your phone only during breaks．
Organize your calendar
It's easy to waste time when you don't have a preset schedule outlining your days at work．But if you're guilty of not maximizing your time at the office，it'll help to create a daily calendar with blocks of time for various tasks．
Organize your space
（3）．If your desk is in a mess，carve out some time to get it organized．Throw away papers you don't need，file essential documents in some sort of order，and make your supplies more accessible．
Build in breaks
Sometimes we waste time at work by talking to colleagues，checking text messages，or surfing the internet because our minds need a break from the constant work．If that sounds like you，then you'd better schedule some breaks during the day but powering through otherwise．（4）．
The more time you waste at work，the more your manager and peers are likely to take notice- and that's a good way to hurt your reputation and put your job at risk．（5）Doing so might save you from a busy night．
A．Ask your manager for permission to use his office．
B．Here are a few steps you can take to stop wasting time at work．
C．Instead，clean up your act and keep searching for ways to be more efficient．
D．Give family members and close friends a way to reach you in an emergency．
E．Conversations in the office are far more interesting than the work you are doing．
F．A messy workplace can make you inefficient even when you're trying to do better．
G．This way，you'll get that need out of your system so you can then go back to concentrating．發(fā)布：2025/1/1 17:0:1組卷：13引用：4難度：0.5
