2019年上海市黃浦區(qū)高考英語三模試卷

Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections： After reading the passage below， fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word， fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word； for the other blanks， use one word that best fits each blank.

• 1．May Day in India Each May 1，workers in India join others around the world to mark May Day，depending on local customs．
      It's quite appropriate that India celebrates with an official holiday in some of its 29 states and seven union territories．After all，the country has an （1）

  （estimate） 522 million workers，more than the entire population of the United States．
      Here's a Q&A on May Day in general：
      Isn't May Day about dancing around a pole？
      You are correct -- dancing is involved．That's because "May Day" actually does double duty，celebrating two different things．
      May Day originally started out as a celebration with roots in roman traditions．By the Middle Ages，May Day also （2）

  （involve） the maypole，which is made of wood and covered with decorations．Those are held by dancers （3）

  circle around the pole．
      That （4）

  be the May Day you remember from your childhood，and that's one of the two ways May Day is celebrated．
      What does that have to do with workers？
      This is where May Day's double duty comes in．
      In May 1886，US activists organized a national strike （5）

  （seek） an eight-hour workday．In Chicago's Haymarket Square，the protest turned violent with around 11 to 15 deaths （6）

  police and participants．
      （7）

  （honor） the workers in the Haymarket disturbance，the International Socialist Conference declared May 1 would be a day labeled for labor，to be called International Workers' Day．The holiday （8）

  （establish） at a meeting in 1889 and eventually spread to many parts of the world．
      And that's （9）

  maypoles，labor parades and protests are all part of May 1．
      So where does India fit in with all of this？
      India's first Labor Day was celebrated in 1923 in Madras，now called Chennai．Over time，the holiday spread to other parts of the country．
      According to Hindu．com，organizations and trade unions arrange parades and "children enter contests （10）

  they can understand the importance of fairness for workers．"
  組卷：9引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

Section BDirections： Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

• 2．

  A．a(chǎn)dvanced B．concerns C．consequential D．data E．determined F．feed G．identify H．precautions I．scratched J．technological K．transform

  The Rise of the Smart City The information revolution is changing the way cities are run - and the lives of its residents．Cities have a way to go before they can be considered geniuses．But they're getting smart pretty fast．
      In just the past few years，mayors and other officials in cities across the country have begun to draw on（1）

  - about income，traffic，fires，illnesses，parking tickets and more - to handle many of the problems of urban life．Whether it's making it easier for residents to find parking places，or giving smoke alarms to the households that are most likely to suffer fatal fires，big - data technologies are beginning to （2）

  the way cities work．
     Cities have just （3）

  the surface in using data to improve operations，but big changes are already under way in leading smart cities，says Stephen Goldsmith，a professor of government and director of the Innovations in Government Program at the Harvard Kennedy School． "In terms of city governance，we are at one of the most （4）

  periods in the last century，" he says．
     Although cities have been using data in various forms for decades，the modern practice of civic analytics（民情分析）has only begun to take off in the past few years，thanks to a host of （5）

  changes．Among them：the growth of cloud computing，which dramatically lowers the costs of storing information；new developments in machine learning，which put （6）

  analytical tools in the hand of city officials；the Internet and the rise of inexpensive sensors that can track vast amount of information such as traffic or air pollution；and the widespread use of smart phone apps and mobile devices that enable citizens and city workers alike to monitor problems and （7）

  information about them back to city hall．
     All this data collection raises understandable privacy （8）

  ．Most cities have policies designed to safeguard citizen privacy and prevent the release of information that might （9）

  any one individual．In theory，anyway．Widespread use of sensors and video can also present privacy risks unless（10）

  are taken．The technology "is forcing cities to face questions of privacy that they haven't had to face before，" says Ben Green，a fellow at Harvard's Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society and lead author of a recent report on open-data privacy．
  組卷：9引用：1難度：0.3

  解析

Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections： For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A， B， C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

• 3．In the food industry，it seems，the robot revolution is well underway，with machines mastering skilled tasks that have always been performed by people．
     In Boston，robots have displaced （1）

  and are creating complex bowls of food for customers．In Prague，machines are（2）

  waiters and servers using an app．In Denver，they're taking orders．Robots are even making the perfect loaf of bread these days，taking charge of a（n）（3）

  that has remained in human hands for thousands of years．
     Now comes Briggo，a company that has created a fully（4）

  ，robotic coffee machine that can push out 100 cups of coffee in a single hour -- equalling the （5）

  of three to four baristas（咖啡師），according to the company．
     Using a mix of Latin American beans，the machine creates（6）

  cups of coffee that can be ordered via an app，giving customers control over ingredients，flavorings and temperature without any human interaction．The company says no other business in the world has applied as much（7）

  to "specialty coffee．"
     Removing the （8）

  element from ordering a cup of coffee is one of the company's primary selling points． "No more lines，no more counter confusion，no more misspelled names，" Briggo's website says．
     Kevin Nater，Briggo's president and chief executive，said the machine would best fit locations in which（9）

  is highly valued，like airports and office buildings，where several of the machines currently operate．
     "Imagine you're coming into the security line at the airport，your flight is coming up，and you know that if you want a coffee you're going to stand in a long line，" said Nater． "From the security line，you can simply order your cup of coffee and pick it up at the coffee haus and make it to your flight（10）

  ．"
     "I've never found anyone who wants to stand in line a long time，" he added． "We've just changed the（11）

  ．"
     But Olive Geib，a 24-year-old barista in Annapolis，Md．，remained （12）

  ．As coffee is being made by a barista，he said，subtly（細(xì)微地）adjusting the ratio of water to coffee bean as flavor develops through refined taste tests，is a crucial part of the process． "All the numbers and data in the world can't actually tell you how the coffee（13）

  ，" Geib said．
     Asked whether he was worried about losing his job to a robot，Gerb said， "absolutely not．" He said there's a （14）

  group of people who will always seek out the slower，interactive experiences at coffee shops．
     "A lot of customers really appreciate watching a barista carefully pouring water or steaming the milk，" he added． "This（15）

  aspect，the atmosphere and the interaction with the barista，is a big part of the experience of drinking coffee．"
  
  

  （1）	A．waitresses	B．baristas	C．cooks	D．machines
  （2）	A．replacing	B．recruiting	C．restoring	D．resisting
  （3）	A．room	B．a(chǎn)rt	C．school	D．oven
  （4）	A．typical	B．inaccessible	C．challenging	D．a(chǎn)utomatic
  （5）	A．quality	B．output	C．time	D．cost
  （6）	A．sugar-free	B．fruit-flavored	C．customized	D．professional
  （7）	A．inspiration	B．technology	C．correction	D．strictness
  （8）	A．safety	B．stress	C．human	D．design
  （9）	A．service	B．preparation	C．reliability	D．convenience
  （10）	A．on time	B．for real	C．in advance	D．without notice
  （11）	A．game	B．price	C．fact	D．myth
  （12）	A．nervous	B．sad	C．a(chǎn)nnoyed	D．doubtful
  （13）	A．looks	B．changes	C．sells	D．tastes
  （14）	A．distinguished	B．difficult	C．loyal	D．laze
  （15）	A．cultural	B．social	C．skillful	D．mindful
  組卷：11引用：1難度：0.2

  解析

Section BDirections： Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A， B， C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

• 4．When we say that residents in the Chicago suburb of North Riverside，Illinois， "wrote the book" on how to be good neighbors，we are not exaggerating．The residents of North Riverside really did write a book on neighborliness that has helped make their town a remarkable place．
     Neighbors All：Creating Community One Block at a Time is a 65 - page manual filled with friendly suggestions and inspiring stories，all designed to build "family bonds" among neighbors．Every household gets a copy，delivered by a volunteer "block captain" tasked with welcoming new arrivals，helping senors，making sure kids play nice，and more．It's a big job，but the 90 captains across the town of 6，700 don't do it alone．They are organized by their own captain，Caro Saple，and the neighborhood Services Committee，which appoints leaders of all ages，including a team of school - age "angels"．
     If all this seems somewhat bureaucratic（宮僚制度的），in practice Neighbors All has very much lived up to its title．One captain got to chatting with an elder couple who revealed that they couldn't afford to replace their broken stove．Before long，the Neighborhood Services Committee had collected enough money to buy them a new one．
     Another resident，a woman from Poland，told her captain that she was having trouble sorting out the paperwork to get her citizenship．The captain told the committee，which told the mayor，who got the help of their local congressperson，and soon the woman's paperwork was all in order．
     "I have been in North Riverside over 34 years and am very proud ou the small-town caring the community demonstrates every day，" said Vera Jandacek Wilt． "Waters rising in the river，ready to flood nearby homes？Residents and officials are filling sandbags to hold back the floods．Lonely seniors have not stepped out of the house？A block captain shows up to invite them to a block party．This community truly looks out for one another．"
     Does all this mean that North Riverside is perfect？No - neighbors still quarrel．Kids still fight．But the community spirit that is part of North Riverside's DNA appears all over town．
  
  （1）In paragraph 1，the phrase "wrote the book" is closest in meaning to

  ．
  A．showed expertise
  B．learned a lesson
  C．put down in writing
  D．revealed secrets
  （2）Which of the following is true of the book Neighbors All？

  
  A．It includes inspiring stories written by Caro Saple．
  B．It gives advice and instructions on how to be nice．
  C．It is a historical record of the North Riverside．
  D．It is for the Neighborhood Services Committee．
  （3）What among the following are the responsibilities of a block captain？

  
  ①Spreading copies of the book Neighbors All；
  ②Appointing school - age kids as volunteer "angels"；
  ③Visiting and accompanying lonely seniors．
  A． ①and ②
  B． ②and ③
  C． ①and ③
  D．All of above
  （4）According to the passage，Vera Jandacek Wilt felt really proud of

  ．
  A．the neighborliness in North Riverside
  B．the block parties for senior residents
  C．living in a perfectly safe community
  D．becoming a captain for those in need
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

Ⅴ. TranslationDirections： Translate the following sentences into English， using the words given in the brackets.

• 12．我認(rèn)為你在上司面前賣弄知識并不明智，因為你可能會冒犯到她．（offend）
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

Ⅵ. Guided Writing

• 13．Directions：Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．
  你居住的社區(qū)準(zhǔn)備改建一塊空地，現(xiàn)就兩個改建方案征求居民意見．
  方案一：建一個可以停放30輛車的停車場；
  方案二：建一個籃球場和一個網(wǎng)球場．
  假設(shè)你是方方，給居委會（Residential Committee）寫一封信表達(dá)你的想法．你的信必須滿足以下要求：
  1．簡述你寫信的目的及你支持的改建方案；
  2．說明你的理由．
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.6

  解析