2022-2023學年內(nèi)蒙古包頭市高一（上）期末英語試卷

閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié) （共4小題；每小題6分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

• 1．From the Karakoram Mountain to the Indus River plain，Pakistan is home to many breathtaking landscapes.
     Kaghan Valley
     Kaghan Valley is a place of fairytales.According to one version of a local legend，a prince of Persia fell in love with a fairy princess in the valley.But a giant（巨人）was also in love with the princess.One day，she escaped with the prjye.aice.In his anger，the giant flooded the valley and created lakes with his tears.Today，visitors from around the world travel to Kaghan Valley for its beautiful lakes，mountain scenery，and clear night skies.
     Baltoro Glacier
     Baltoro Glacier is one of the world's largest glacier valleys.Though difficult to access，it is one of the most highly visited regions in Pakistan because of mountain climbing destinations like K2，Broad Peak，and the Gasherbrum peaks in this area.Baltoro Glacier is not only known for its scenery，but as a life source—a large percentage of northern Pakistan's population depends on the water from Baltoro Clacier.
     Deosai National Park
     Known as"Land of the Giants"，the park is swept by wildflowers and rare butterflies each spring.This biodiversity hot spot is home to the Tibetan wolf，Himalayan ibex，Tibetan red fox and the critically endangered Himalayan brown bear.The park was given Wold Heritage status in 2016.
     Hingol National Park
     Hingol National Park is the largest national park in Pakistan.While it is well-known for its diverse（各式各樣的）wildlife，it is perhaps best known for its active mud volcanoes.One of the most famous mud volcanoes is Chandragup，a sacred site for Hindus.Every spring，more than 40，000 people went there to honor the goddess Sati.Before they pay their respect to the goddess at a nearby temple，they have to clean their bodies with the mud.
  
  （1）What can tourists do in Kaghan Valley？

  
  A．Enjoy its beautiful scenery.
  B．Pay respect to the goddess Sati.
  C．See active mud volcanoes.
  D．Climb the world's highest mountain.
  （2）Which is the main water source for northern Pakistan？

  
  A．Kaghan Valley.
  B．Hingol National Park.
  C．Baltoro Glacier.
  D．Deosai National Park.
  （3）What do the last two parks have in common？

  
  A．They are sacred sites for Hindus.
  B．They are known for diverse wildlife.
  C．They are famous volcanic parks.
  D．They are given World Heritage status.
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.3

  解析

• 2．A 17-year-old pilot（飛行員）has become the youngest person to fly alone around the world.Mack Rutherford，who holds British and Belgian citizenship，completed his trip on Wednesday.He landed his small plane in Bulgaria's capital，Sofia.That is also where he started his trip five months ago.Rutherford，who turned 17 during his trip，broke the Guinness World Record for youngest male to fly around the world.That record had been held by Travis Ladlow of Britain.Ludlow was 18 when he made his flight around the world last year.
     Rutherford was born into a family of flyers.He earned his pilot's license（許可證）in 2020，becoming the youngest pilot in the world at the age of 15.
     His trip around the world started in Sofia on a plane owned by the internet company ICD Soft.The ultralight plane，called Shark，can travel at the speed of 300 kilometers per hour.Normally a two-seater，the plane was changed for his long trip by replacing the second seat with an extra fuel （燃料）container.
     Rutherford first planned to make the trip in three months.But it lasted longer because of rainstorms，sandstorms and extreme heat.Most of the delays were caused by waits to get permits and other documents required for keeping with the flight plan.The flight took him through Africa and the Gulf area to India，China，South Korea，and Japan.He crossed the northern Pacific and landed after 10 straight hours in the air on a volcanic island near the Bering Strait.From there，he headed to Alaska and down the West Coast of the United States to Mexico.Then he headed north againalong the U.S.East Coast to Canada，and across the Atlantic Ocean to Europe.
     His sister，Zara，said she kept in close touch with her younger brother during his flight.
     On Wednesday，a huge crowd of people welcomed Rutherford and celebrated his achievements.His father，Sam Rutherford，said he was extremely happy and proud of his children's achievements.He told reporters that such an event helps show other children they should follow their dreams.
  
  （1）How old was Mack Rutherford when he started his flight around the world？

  
  A．At the age of 16 years old.
  B．At the age of 17 years old.
  C．At the age of 18 years old.
  D．At the age of 19 years old.
  （2）Why was the plane changed before the flight？

  
  A．To have a faster speed.
  B．To have a lighter weight.
  C．To have a longer flying time.
  D．To have an extra seat.
  （3）What were the feelings of Rutherford's father when Rutherford was back on Wednesday？

  
  A．Unbelievable and respectful.
  B．Grateful and touched.
  C．Sad and doubtful.
  D．Happy and proud.
  （4）Where is the text probably from？

  
  A．A scientific research.
  B．A guidebook.
  C．A diary.
  D．A news report.
  組卷：3引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．In the movie Aquamam（海王），there are many big toothy sea creatures（生物）.But it's the city of Atlantis that really draws more people's attention.Atlantis here is an entire underwater kingdom.Whales swim through disk-shaped buildings.It's enough to make anyone wish for life under the sea.But while that underwater life looks peaceful，it comes with a lot of pressure（壓力）.
     Above water，you—and everything on the planet—are under a bit of pressure.But you don't notice it because your body is used to this pressure.Climb to the top of a mountain and there will be less air above you.That means there is less pressure.But dive into the ocean，you'll quickly discover what real pressure is.
     Water is heavier than air.The deeper you swim below the surface，the more strongly you feel water pressure.Every 10 meters（or about 33 feet ）of depth adds another 6.6 kilograms per square centimeter of pressure."If you took an empty plastic water bottle and went down 75 feet，it would be pressed to change its shape，"notes George Elvin.He works at North Carolina State University in Raleigh.
     People are a bit stronger than empty plastic water bottles，of course.But they can be hurt."The deepest human dive（潛水）unprotected by anything is about 1，000 feet，"Elvin says.At this depth，the body is experiencing 100 times the amount of pressure it experiences above the surface.At a deeper depth，Elvin explains，there's so much pressure that many parts of your body—such as your lungs—would simply fail to work.If your lungs don't work，you can't breathe.
     Most people live on the dry ground，but there are a few who live underwater for short periods，where the pressure is not too high.Even then，though，they require time to get used to water pressure，notes Roger Garcia，director of the Aquarius Reef Base.It's an underwater living place where scientists can live for a few days when they study the ocean.The inside of this place is filled with air kept at the same pressure as the water outside.At that depth，Garcia says，it doesn't really feel like the water is pressing in on all sides，and he's got plenty of experience with it.There's only one thing he notices."The gas is denser（密度大的）than that at sea level，"he notes，"so most of the time your voice is a little bit deeper."Returning to the surface，however，isn't ejye.aiy.As someone swims to the surface，water pressure drops.This can form bubbles in the body.If those bubbles form in the blood or brain，they can cause pain in your body.
  
  （1）What can we know about Atlantis shown in the movie Aquamam according to paragraph 1？

  
  A．It is just partly under the water.
  B．It's built by big toothy sea creatures.
  C．It attracts people more than the sea creatures.
  D．It's in danger because of high water pressure.
  （2）What should you do if you make an unprotected dive？

  
  A．Dive at most 75 feet for safety.
  B．Swim quickly and breathe deeply.
  C．Take a plastic bottle to reduce water pressure.
  D．Avoid going anywhere deeper than about 1，000 feet.
  （3）Why is people's voice a little bit deeper at the Aquarius Reef Base？

  
  A．Water pressure is too high in it.
  B．Denser air there changes sound a bit.
  C．Bubbles in the deep water deepen voice.
  D．There isn't so much gas in the deep water.
  （4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text？

  
  A．Atlantis in the movie Aquaman.
  B．Pressure we can feel under the sea.
  C．Dangers of living undersea for long.
  D．Ways to deal with high water pressure.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 4．Of all the unusual behaviors I was told to expect from my teenagers，their staying in their rooms for a long period of time was the worst for me.
     Like many other parents，I，too，often thought that there must either be something wrong with me，or something deeply wrong with my teenagers when they suddenly wanted to avoid everyone in the house and the outside world.
     What I didn't know was that looking for solitude（獨處）and privacy was perfectly normal for teenagers，and while you may think their wish for solitude is worrying，what is really happening is actually mentally（精神上）necessary.
     A recent study in the Journal of Adolescence looked at a lot of possible causes of a teenager's strong wish and need for solitude.What they found can make parents less worried about the troubling but actually helpful behavior.Researchers believe wanting and needing to be alone is just a matter of personal choice for teenagers，and that if that choice is out of their will，there is nothing to worry about.
     "Solitude has always been seen as something detrimental to mental health，especially for teenagers who are thought to be unsociable or lonely，"said Margarita Azmitia，professor of psychology at UC Santa Cruz and co-author of the study.She continues，"However，sometimes solitude can help teenagers deal with mental problems.Developmentally，learning to be alone is a skill，and it can make them refreshed and energetic."
     So when should parents get worried？Researchers found if a teenager is forced to stay in his bedroom as a punishment or something，then this kind of solitude will cause problems.But when a teenager has chosen on his own to check out his life，so to speak，it serves as a much-needed break from the noise of life.In those cases，self-chosen solitude can provide a chance for self-examination or creative expression.So communication matters between teenagers and parents.
  
  （1）What did the author think about her teenagers' staying in their rooms in the past？

  
  A．She was very worried about it.
  B．She thought it mentally necessary.
  C．She thought it was perfectly normal.
  D．She really didn't care about it.
  （2）What can we know from the finding of the Journal of Adolescence？

  
  A．Parents' anxiety is totally wrong.
  B．Choosing to be alone sometimes can be helpful.
  C．The behavior of solitude is unnecessary for mental health.
  D．Teenagers' solitude has nothing to do with personal choice.
  （3）What is the meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 5？

  
  A．familiar.
  B．new.
  C．harmful.
  D．similar
  （4）What can we learn from the last paragraph？

  
  A．Many teenagers want solitude.
  B．Forced solitude should be avoided.
  C．Parents should not punish their teenagers.
  D．Teenagers should communicate with their parents.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) （共1小題；每小題10分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

• 5．Different Approaches to Reducing Food WasteFood plays a key role in people's life.While many people in poor communities（社區(qū)）suffer from a shortage of food，a large amount of food is wasted in the rest of the world.（1）

  Here are some tips on how to reduce food waste.
     Learn to store food.Not sure how to keep those greens from wilting（蔫）overnight？Can't keep your tomatoes fresh for more than a day or two？Do your research on food storage and you'll get the rewards.Not sure where to start？（2）

  
     Use it' all.（3）

  For example，leave the skin on carrots and potatoes（ The skins actually have a ton of valuable nutrients!），save the beet greens for a salad，and don't throw away the outer skin of oranges!
     （4）

  Many fruits and vegetables are thrown away because they aren't" pretty " enough.Buying food that comes in a different shape，size or colour helps use up food that might be given up.
     Understand best-before dates correctly.People often confuse best-before dates with expiry dates（有效期）.The best- before date has nothing to do with the safety of the food.（5）

  So while the taste may not be that good，many food items are still safe to eat for many days beyond the best-before date.
  
  A.It refers to flavour（味道）and nutritional value，which is of great help to your body.
  B.Therefore，food waste is a serious problem that needs our attention.
  C.Check out Local Produce Storage Guide online.
  D.Pick the"funny looking"food.
  E.You often remove a part of whatever food you're cooking with，but often those food items can be saved.
  F.Keep a"need to eat"list everyday in your daily life.
  G.This will save you time in the long run.
  組卷：10引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié) （共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

• 6．Several years ago，Kristi Callaway found out that her husband's kidney（腎）was becoming weak.However，instead of waiting for a（1）

  kidney donor（捐獻者） for her husband，Kristi took matters into her own hands.She took a photo of her family，with her older daughter（2）

  a sign that said " Our Daddy needs a kidney!" Kristi created a Facebook page to（3）

  the photo，and the（4）

  spread rapidly online.
     When a（5）

  more than 900 miles away saw the photo，he took（6）

  action and called Kristi quickly.He took tests which revealed that he was a（n）（7）

  ，so the man donated his kidney to Kristi's husband（8）

  ，just ten weeks after Kristi's call on social media.
     Seeing how social media（9）

  the process，Kristi（10）

  if she could help other people in need of a（n）（11）

  .So she decided to use her own Facebook page to have a try.People can now post their own kidney needs on the page.The photos contain people 's（12）

  ，and the descriptions give them a chance to tell their stories.So far，Kristi's page has saved at least 23 people by（13）

  donors to those（14）

  .
     Kristi's mother had been（15）

  to find out if she could give her kidney to her son- in- law or someone else，but neither was a match.Then Debra Phillips，who'd been on kidney dialysis（透析） for almost two years，（16）

  her story to the Facebook page.It（17）

  that the women were a match.（18）

  by these successful cases，Kristi（19）

  even more people to donate healthy kidneys." If anyone out there can help change someone's（20）

  life，I hope they will go into action，"Kristi said.
  
  

  （1）	A．brave	B．generous	C．secret	D．suitable
  （2）	A．finding	B．holding	C．making	D．using
  （3）	A．store	B．share	C．receive	D．enjoy
  （4）	A．news	B．confidence	C．result	D．a(chǎn)dvice
  （5）	A．patient	B．doctor	C．stranger	D．friend
  （6）	A．wise	B．immediate	C．impossible	D．effective
  （7）	A．owner	B．mystery	C．talent	D．match
  （8）	A．unluckily	B．successfully	C．legally	D．entirely
  （9）	A．repeated	B．stopped	C．drove	D．controlled
  （10）	A．wondered	B．discussed	C．guessed	D．a(chǎn)sked
  （11）	A．belief	B．operation	C．kidney	D．change
  （12）	A．contexts	B．option	C．information	D．a(chǎn)uthority
  （13）	A．connecting	B．devoting	C．comparing	D．a(chǎn)dding
  （14）	A．in shape	B．in doubt	C．in need	D．in danger
  （15）	A．tested	B．treated	C．questioned	D．noticed
  （16）	A．referred	B．uploaded	C．settled	D．a(chǎn)pplied
  （17）	A．promised	B．decided	C．believed	D．proved
  （18）	A．Frightened	B．Disappointed	C．Amazed	D．Inspired
  （19）	A．encouraged	B．a(chǎn)greed	C．a(chǎn)llowed	D．taught
  （20）	A．ordinary	B．familiar	C．lonely	D．sad
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) （共1小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

• 7．You may have heard about potato candy.Potato candy（1）

  （ consider） to be a sweet food for those who couldn't afford much in the past.But more people now find potato candy wonderful in reality.
      （2）

  （ actual），potato candy is easy to make.Boil a potato until a fork will easily cut into it.Then place the hot potato in（3）

  bowl and remove the potato skin in a（4）

  （ care） way.After mashing（把??????搗成糊狀） the potato with hands，put sugar into the potato.When（5）

  （ add） the sugar，you are advised（6）

  （ move） the mashed potato around continually.Then turn it out onto the tablecloth（7）

  begin rolling the mashed potato out until it's a quarter of an inch thick.Put peanut butter（花生醬）over the surface of the potato.Then cut the potato into small pieces.And put the potato candy into the refrigerator（8）

  an hour.After that，you can enjoy your candy，（9）

  taste can be very nice.
      Certainly，when you make the potato candy，you can make some changes to the methods（10）

  （ explain） above.
  組卷：4引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分10分）第一節(jié)詞匯運用（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）根據(jù)漢語意思和首字母完成單詞。

• 8．I signed up for the program with the aim of c

  （挑戰(zhàn)） myself.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 9．There was only a n

  （狹窄的） gap between the bed and the wall.
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。

• 27．（1）What is the woman doing？
  A.Reading a newspaper.
  B.Surfing the Internet.
  C.Watching TV.
  （2）Why was the newborn boy named"Enough"？
  A.His mother thought it was a funny name.
  B.His mother didn't want to give birth any more.
  C.His mother thought there were too many people.
  （3）What does the woman think of world population？
  A.It's reached the peak.
  B.It's growing quickly.
  C.It'll grow slowly.
  （4）When did the world population hit 5 billion？
  A.In 1974.
  B.In 1987.
  C.In 1996.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 28．（1）What is the speaker trying to do？
  A.Recommend a good book.
  B.Introduce one of her friends.
  C.Explain the importance of money.
  （2）What made Susan think that money was important？
  A.Her parents were worried about money.
  B.Her father hardly bought her new clothes.
  C.Her father risked his life to save his money.
  （3）What does Susan do？
  A.An advisor.
  B.A businesswoman.
  C.A professional writer.
  （4）What does Susan want to tell readers in her book？
  A.How to achieve happiness.
  B.How to save more money.
  C.How to earn money in a fast way.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析