2022-2023學(xué)年廣東省茂名一中（奧校）高一（上）期中英語試卷

閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50.0分）

• 1．I've been reading 100 books per year on average during the past decade.So obviously I get the usual question of what books I recommend.Well，here're my top 4 favorite books of all times，which influenced me into who I am today.
     1.Think A Grow Rich by Napoleon Hill.
     One of the biggest bestsellers of all times.Napoleon Hill spent two decades analyzing over 500 successful men like Henry Ford，Thomas Edison and John D.Rockefeller to discover how they did it.The result of Hill's research is in Think & Grow Rich -13 steps to achieve your goal，whatever it is.All other self-help books are just copies of Hill's book first published in 1937.
     2.Psychocybernetics by Maxwell Maltz.
     Another bestseller and the only self-help book you'll need next to Think Grow Rich.Maxwell Maltz was a plastic surgeon who was amazed that some patients still felt ugly after surgery（外科手術(shù)）.That's when he discovered they also needed reconstruction work inside- their "self-image".Everything about how to use the "mind-body" connection to achieve your goals，and how to feel confident about your body is inside this book.
     3.Talent is Overrated by Geoff Colvin.
     This book drives the point home that success in any field is not determined by genetics or talent but deliberate practice.Colvin uses examples from world class achievers like Tiger Woods，Jack Welch，Warren Buffet，Mozart to prove that they all got theirs through years of practice-the 10，000 hours rule.You'll reexamine your beliefs about what it takes to succeed and superchange your motivation after reading Colvin's book.
     4.Mastery by George Leonard.
     This book also stresses that practice is the secret of success in anything.Leonard explains that mastership never ends-you will never have perfect technique and be able to stop.Instead you'll keep learning，improving，and hitting plateaus（瓶頸期）.The big point in Mastery is that plateaus are vital for improving your skills and that you therefore must start enjoying them instead of getting impatient or quitting like most guys do.
  
  （1）What is the book Think & Grow Rich mainly about？

  
  A．Successful men's stories.
  B．A research on being rich.
  C．An analysis of famous people.
  D．Instructions on how to succeed.
  （2）What do Talent is Overrated and Mastery both mention？

  
  A．The steps to achieving the goal.
  B．World class achievers' achievement.
  C．Practice's key role in achieving success.
  D．Genetics and talent's influence on being successful.
  （3）Which book can best explain the saying "Live and learn"？

  
  A．Think & Grow Rich
  B．Psychocybernetics
  C．Talent is Overrated
  D．Mastery
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.7

  解析

• 2．Another person's enthusiasm（熱情）was what set me moving toward the success I have achieved.That person was my stepmother.
     I was nine years old when she entered our home in the countryside of Virginia.My father introduced me to her with these words： "I would like you to meet the fellow who is well known for being the worst boy in this county and will probably start throwing rocks at you no later than tomorrow morning."
     My stepmother walked over to me，raised my head slightly upward，and looked at me right into my eyes.Then she looked at my father and replied， "You are wrong.This is not the worst boy at all，but the smartest one who hasn't yet found a way to give out his enthusiasm."
     That statement began a friendship between us.No one had ever called me smart，My family and neighbors had built me up in my mind as a bad boy.My stepmother changed all that.
     She changed many things.She persuaded my father to go to a dental school，from which he graduated with honors.She moved our family into the county seat，where my father's career could be more successful and my brother and I could be better educated.
     When I turned fourteen，she bought me a secondhand typewriter and told me that she believed that I could become a writer.I knew her enthusiasm，and I saw how it had already improved our lives.I accepted her belief and began to write for local newspapers and finally reached the goal she set for me. I wasn't the only beneficiary. My father became the wealthiest man in town.My brother and stepbrothers became a physician，a dentist，a lawyer，and a college president.
  
  （1）According to the author，

  before his stepmother came into his life.
  A．his father had been away from home for a long time
  B．people had noticed his cleverness
  C．he knew how to release （釋放） his enthusiasm properly
  D．he was considered a rude boy with wild behaviors
  （2）The author's stepmother did all the following EXCEPT

  .
  A．praising him from the bottom of her heart
  B．giving some writing lessons to him at home
  C．moving the family into the centre of the county
  D．planning the future for each family member
  （3）What does the author mean by "I wasn't the only beneficiary"？

  
  A．There were other boys who behaved as badly as he did.
  B．His stepmother bought typewriters for other family members，too.
  C．Not only he but also his family gained from his stepmother's enthusiasm.
  D．Other family members' enthusiasm has great effects on his stepmother.
  （4）Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage？

  
  A．Enthusiasm，a Power for Success.
  B．Enthusiasm，a Challenge for All.
  C．Enthusiasm，a Gift from my Father.
  D．Enthusiasm，a Tradition in Families.
  組卷：0引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．"An apple a day keeps the doctor away." Similarly，if we drink a little more water every day，we may find that we need to go to the doctor less often.A healthy diet is made up of water and different kinds of foods.We know that healthy foods like fruits，vegetables and fish ，are important as they offer energy and fiber，without giving us much fat and sugar.But why is water important？
     The human body needs water to survive.Water is important as it carries poisons and waste out of our bodies.However，doctors advise us to drink plenty of water ，much more than the small amount we need to stay alive.
     Some doctors believe that water is important for health in all kinds of ways.They believe that many illnesses and health problems appear as a result of dehydration--a lack of water.Most people are dehydrated （脫水）at least some of time，although they probably don't know jye.ai.It is surprising to learn that if we feel thirsty，we are already in the first stages of dehydration.In fact，we are advised to drink water before we feel thirsty.
     These doctors think that health problems such as headaches，high blood pressure could be helped if people drink more water.They also believe that drinking more water can help people who are fat.Water contains no calories so it will not make us gain weight.If we drink water ，we will probably drink less sugary soft drinks.Doctors also believe that drinking more water may stop people from overeating.They say that many people think that they are hungry when they are，in fact，thirsty.Doctors suggest，therefore，that we eat less food and drink more water.
     There are still many health problems that cannot be solved by drinking water，so we should not stop going to see the doctor completely.
  
  （1）From the text，we know water can carry

  .
  A．energy and fibre in our bodies
  B．fruit，vegetables and fish in our bodies
  C．sugar and fat out of our bodies
  D．poisons and waste out of our bodies
  （2）Lack of water caused many people to put on weight because

  .
  A．It makes them hungry
  B．they think they are hungry and eat too much
  C．Water has no calories
  D．they think they are thirsty and eat less
  （3）Doctors suggest that we should

  .
  A．eat less food and drink less water
  B．not eat food and just drink water
  C．eat less food and drink more water
  D．eat more food and drink more water
  （4）Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text？

  
  A．People should drink water and not eat fruit.
  B．Some health problems start because of a lack of water.
  C．Fruit provides us with energy and fiber .
  D．Drinking more water may stop people from overeating.
  組卷：2引用：2難度：0.6

  解析

• 4．Pinocchio may be just a children's fairy tale，but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called "Pinocchio effect" and found that our noses don't grow when we tell a lie，but actually shrink a bit．
     Dr．Emilio Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography to tell if people were lying，and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful，the temperature of the tips of their noses dropped up to 1.2℃，while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5℃．Scientists also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink，although the difference is undetected by the human eye．
     "One has to think in order to lie，which rises the temperature of the forehead，" Dr．Gomez Milan explained the findings． "At the same time we feel anxious，which lowers the temperature of the nose．"
     For this study，researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology．One of these tasks involved calling a 3 to 4 minutes call to their parents，partner or a friend and telling a significant lie．Participants had to devise the lie by themselves during the call，and the thermal cameras picked up this "reverse Pinocchio effect" caused by the fluctuation （起伏） in temperature in the nose and forehead．
     Interestingly，the thermal lie doctor picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of test subjects，which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie doctor．
     "With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy and reduce the occurrence of 'false positives'，something that is frequently with other methods such as the polygraph （測謊儀） ，" said Dr．Emilio Gómez Milán，who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results．
     The thermal lie doctor has been the most reliable in the world，10% more than the popular polygraph．
  
  （1）Why does the author mention "Pinocchio" at the beginning？

  
  A．To tell a fairy story
  B．To warn us not to lie．
  C．To introduce a research．
  D．To inspire us to doubt old beliefs．
  （2）According to the research，what might happen if you tell a lie？

  
  A．Your nose gets longer．
  B．Your nose becomes smaller．
  C．Your temperature gets higher．
  D．Your temperature remains stable．
  （3）What can we learn about the research？

  
  A．Researchers conduct the study by interviewing．
  B．Researchers design difference lies for participants．
  C．The thermal lie detector will prove a popular one．
  D．The thermal lie doctor may assist law enforcement．
  （4）Which might be the best title for the passage？

  
  A．Will lie detectors tell the truth？
  B．Will lying make your nose longer？
  C．Will lying make your temperature rise？
  D．Will thermal imaging technology be reliable？
  組卷：27引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

• 5．I believe that writing is the most important invention in history.It is the most important for two reasons.First，it helped governments and businesses work better.Second，it helped ideas to spread.
     Writing was invented by the Sumerians around 5，000 years ago. （1）

  One example is The Code of Hammurabi.It was a list of laws written on a huge stone block for all to see.The law was written down，so every person knew what the law was.They knew what would happen if they broke it.
     The Sumerians also wrote down rules about their government.The rules described how the government should work. （2）

  The rule said that the worker would have to pay a fine.This made the government act more responsibly.
     The Sumerians also wrote down business contracts （合同）.That's because a contract explains what both sides promise to do.Written contracts helped the Sumerians run better businesses.This helped their civilization to grow.
     （3）

  It was an epic poem （史詩） called The Epic of Gilgamesh.The work is about more than just two friends on an adventure.It is also about life and death，happiness and sadness.It's full of big ideas about the world.When the Sumerians wrote these ideas down，they spread.As a result，the Sumerians could study and talk about these big ideas. （4）

  Writing helped the Sumerians become great thinkers.
     As you have read，writing helped the Sumerians become a great civilization. （5）

  That is why writing is the most important invention in human history.
  
  A．They could also improve these ideas.
  B．Writing continues to improve our lives today.
  C．They used writing to make their government work better.
  D．The Sumerians also created the world's first written story.
  E．Writing is so common to us that we hardly think about it.
  F．The writing of the Sumerians further developed to include sounds and meanings.
  G．One rule explained what would happen if a government worker didn't do his job well.
  組卷：8引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

• 6．It was a rainy day，and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road.But my daughter Carolyn had（1）

  that I come to see something at the top of the mountain.So here I was，（2）

  making the two-hour journey through fog.By the time I saw how thick it was near the peak，I'd gone too far to（3）

  .
     After parking the car，we walked along a path that was（4）

  with pine needles.Gradually，the peace and silence of the place began to fill my mind.Then we turned a corner — and I gasped （倒吸氣）in（5）

  .From the top of the mountain were（6）

  of flowers flowing across valleys.A mass of color — from the palest pink to the deepest yellow to the most vivid red — shone like a carpet before us.It looked as though the（7）

  had spilled gold down the mountainside.
     Who（8）

  such beauty？How？As we（9）

  the house in the center of the field，we saw a sign that（10）

  ： "Answers to the Questions I Know You Are Asking." The first answer was： "One（11）

  — Two Hands，and Very Little Brain." The second was： "One Plant at a Time，Started in 1980."
     I was so moved that I could scarcely speak. "She started over 40 years ago，" I finally said， "probably just the beginning of a（n）（12）

  ，but she kept at it." The（13）

  of it opened my eyes to the world of the possible. "Imagine，" I said， "if I'd had a vision and worked at it，just a little bit every day，what might I have（14）

  ？" Carolyn smiled. "Start tomorrow，" she said， "（15）

  yet，start today."
  
  

  （1）	A．insisted	B．suspected	C．preferred	D．a(chǎn)ppointed
  （2）	A．a(chǎn)utomatically	B．a(chǎn)bsolutely	C．unwillingly	D．faithfully
  （3）	A．rush out	B．turn back	C．pull over	D．move on
  （4）	A．damp	B．firm	C．thick	D．mild
  （5）	A．a(chǎn)musement	B．gratitude	C．panic	D．a(chǎn)mazement
  （6）	A．rivers	B．bunches	C．pairs	D．branches
  （7）	A．storm	B．wind	C．sun	D．volcano
  （8）	A．conveyed	B．imitated	C．predicted	D．created
  （9）	A．quitted	B．possessed	C．a(chǎn)pproached	D．transformed
  （10）	A．wrote	B．read	C．called	D．a(chǎn)ppeared
  （11）	A．Adolescent	B．People	C．Genius	D．Woman
  （12）	A．idea	B．doubt	C．guess	D．joke
  （13）	A．judgment	B．wonder	C．contribution	D．trend
  （14）	A．a(chǎn)ccomplished	B．opposed	C．strengthened	D．risked
  （15）	A．Later	B．Closer	C．Faster	D．Better
  組卷：2引用：3難度：0.5

  解析

• 7．Shen Kuo （沈括） was a scientist of the Northern Song Dynasty.He was（1）

  all-round scholar of astronomy，physics，chemistry，geology and medical science.（2）

  ，Shen Kuo's reputation has been mostly in the field of scientific writing：he was the first（3）

  （build） graphic maps.
      Thanks（4）

  his mother，Shen Kuo received a formal education in his childhood.He was diligent and he read so much that he suffered eye pain later in life.While in his（5）

  （thirty），Shen Kuo frequently dreamed of a place.In the dream，he climbed a hill，the top of（6）

  was covered with brightly colored flowers and trees.Clear waters（7）

  （flow） at the base of the hill，with trees on either side.Later on，when（8）

  （travel） around，he was shocked to find a piece of land that was（9）

  （exact）the one in his dream .There he settled and wrote of the discoveries he had made in his lifetime.
      This extraordinary story is the origin of Shen's the Dream Rivulet Diary （《夢溪筆談》）.The Dream Rivulet Diary was a milestone in the history of Chinese science.So far，this amazing scientific work（10）

  （put） into a number of different languages，including English，F(xiàn)rench，German and Japanese.
  組卷：14引用：4難度：0.5

  解析

課本知識(shí)考查根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的中文或英文提示，結(jié)合句子意思在空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，每空只填一詞。（共7小題；每空1分， 滿分7分）

• 8．Zhang Guimei has made great

  （contribute） to the cause of education. （所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）
  組卷：0引用：2難度：0.5

  解析

單句語法填空（填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）（共4題；每題2分，滿分8分）

• 23．Many interesting experiments

  （carry） out these days．
  組卷：143引用：13難度：0.7

  解析

應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分25分）

• 24．假如你是李華，你的美國網(wǎng)友Peter參加中國象棋網(wǎng)絡(luò)挑戰(zhàn)賽獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)．請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示寫一封英文電子郵件向他表示祝賀．
  1． 祝賀他獲獎(jiǎng)；
  2． 肯定他付出的努力；
  3． 詢問何時(shí)方便，在網(wǎng)上切磋棋藝．
  注意：1． 詞數(shù)100左右； 2． 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫．
  中國象棋網(wǎng)絡(luò)挑戰(zhàn)賽：Chinese Chess Network Challenge
  組卷：3引用：2難度：0.7

  解析