2019-2020學(xué)年福建師大附中高二（上）期末英語試卷

第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分24分）第一節(jié) （共3小題；每小題8分，滿分24分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

• 1．For top students from low-income families，applying to colleges is particularly difficult.One approach makes this whole process easier？Provide an adviser for them.
     That's the idea behind CollegePoint，a program to help gifted students go to schools that match their intelligence.When a high school student takes a standardized test-the PSAT，SAT or ACT—and they score in the 90th percentile（百分位數(shù)），and their families make less than ＄80，000 a year，they get an email from the program offering them a free adviser.The advisers listen，guide and answer students' questions.
     Connor Rechtzigel，an adviser in Minnesota，sees the importance of his role，for research shows that low-income students are far more likely to undermatch because they don't think they have what it takes to get in and because many don't even know what schools are out tjye.aire.He helped high school senior Justice Benjamin，the first in his family to apply to college，thinking about what his ideal（理想的）learning experience was.Finally，Justice narrowed in on smaller schools where he could study environmental science and made his final choice：Skidmore College in New York.
     Figuring out how to pay for college is a major part of what CollegePoint advisers do.Nakhle，an adviser in North Carolina，is working with Hensley，an Ohio high school senior who can't get extra financial help from her family.They spent a lot of time comparing and analyzing her financial-aid award letters，which made her decision much clearer.Finally，the Ohio State University offered an option where she would pay nothing.Staying in-state wasn't her first choice，but it was the best option for her.
  
  （1）What is the second paragraph mainly about？

  
  A．The history of CollegePoint.
  B．How CollegePoint works.
  C．Ways to apply for a free adviser.
  D．The challenge of choosing colleges.
  （2）What prevents low-income students from attending proper colleges？

  
  A．Knowing little about colleges.
  B．Thinking highly of their abilities.
  C．Lack of enough learning experience.
  D．Failure to pass the entrance exam.
  （3）Why did Hensley finally choose the Ohio State University？

  
  A．The university met her financial needs.
  B．Her favorite major was provided there.
  C．She would show her talents to the full.
  D．She didn't want to stay far from home.
  （4）What is the best title for the passage？

  
  A．Steps for Top Students to Choose Ideal Colleges
  B．CollegePoint-How to Be a Financial Adviser
  C．Advisers Helping College Students to Score High
  D．CollegePoint-Helping Students Ideal Colleges
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 2．Surrounded by the sea off the coast in Mid-Norway，lies an island called Myken.This small island has about ten permanent residents，and for more than 50 years has been supplied with electricity via a 32-kilometer undersea cable（電纜）.A break that appeared in the cable last autumn resulted in two months without power，so the island community started looking into a better way of sourcing their electricity.
     "Myken is far out at sea，so as far as possible it should be taking care of things itself，" says Kyrre Sundseth，who is a hydrogen researcher in Norway and also the project manager for Myken's energy project. "This is why we want Myken to become entirely self-sufficient in energy." he says.
     Much points to the idea that the solution may lie in a Hydrogen plant，specifically tailored for small islands.The "raw materials" for hydrogen production come from nature itself in the form of the sun and wind.Researchers have calculated that energy costs will be lower by using hydrogen production than the undersea cable option.And it is possible to store energy in the form of hydrogen for longer periods.
     The Myken project has attracted several technology companies.They are currently working on a pilot（試驗性的）project.The pilot involves experiments on the feasibility of the hydrogen system in which electricity is generated from solar and wind sources.The electricity can be used immediately，but during periods when all the energy produced is not required，the spare energy can be used to break down seawater into hydrogen and oxygen.The hydrogen can be stored in a tank，and used later to create electricity.Besides，since the island has a distillery（釀酒廠），where the distillation process relies on energy，a hydrogen plant on Myken offers an even greater environmental benefit.Spare heat from the hydrogen system can also be used for the heating part in the distillation process.
     "In Norway alone there are about 300 island populated all year round by small populations，" says Kyrre Sundseth. "All of these islands may be suitable for using this technology.In global terms we're talking about 10，000 similar islands."
  
  （1）Why is a hydrogen plant suitable for Myken？

  
  A．It is perfect in size for small islands.
  B．It can send electricity to faraway places.
  C．It provides green and sustainable energy.
  D．It will repair local natural environment.
  （2）What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4？

  
  A．The test on the hydrogen system.
  B．The study on the energy storage.
  C．The experiment on the raw materials.
  D．The research on the innovation of the pilot.
  （3）According to the passage，a hydrogen plant will

  .
  A．produce purified seawater
  B．prove more technically reliable
  C．contribute in more than one way
  D．benefit from the distillation process
  （4）What does Kyrre Sundseth think of the project？

  
  A．Systematic.
  B．Promising.
  C．Irreplaceable.
  D．Time saving.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

• 3．According to a new study，teens focus on rewards and have a hard time learning to avoid punishment or consider the consequences of alternative actions.
     University College London researchers compared how teens and adults learn to make choices based on the available information.They tracked the way in which 18 volunteers aged 12-17 and 20 volunteers aged 18-32 completed tasks in which they had to choose between abstract symbols.
     Each symbol was consistently associated with a fixed chance of a reward，punishment，or no outcome.Teens and adults were equally good at learning to choose symbols associated with reward，but teens were less good at avoiding symbols associated with punishment.
     "From this experimental lab study we can draw conclusions about learning during the teen years.We find that teens and adults learn in different ways，something that might be relevant to education，" said lead author Dr.Stefano Palminteri. "Unlike adults，teens are not so good at learning to adjust their choices to avoid punishment.This suggests that incentive（鼓勵）systems based on reward rather than punishment may be more effective for this age group."
     To interpret the results，the researchers developed computational models of learning and ran simulations（模擬）applying them to the results of the study.The first was a simple model，one that learned from rewards，and the second model added to this by also learning from the option that was not chosen.The third model was the most complete and took the full context into account，with equal weight given to punishment avoidance and reward seeking.For example，obtaining no outcome rather than losing a point is weighted equally to gaining a point rather than having no outcome.
     Comparing the experimental data to the models，the team found that teens' behavior followed the simple reward-based model while adults' behavior matched the complete，contextual model. "Our study suggests that teens are more receptive to rewards than they are to punishments of equal value，" said senior author Dr.Sarah-Jayne Blakemore. "As a result，it may be useful for parents and teachers to frame things in more positive terms."
  
  （1）It can be learned from the study that

  .
  A．a(chǎn)dults made choices faster than teens
  B．a(chǎn)dults understood rewards better than teens
  C．teens reacted better to reward than punishment
  D．teens were aware of the outcome of each choice
  （2）What do we know about the three computational models？

  
  A．They reflected people's strong desire for punishment avoidance.
  B．They gave circumstances different degrees of consideration.
  C．They paid equal attention to reward and punishment.
  D．They shaped the behavior of people at different ages.
  （3）The underlined word "receptive" in the last paragraph probably means

  .
  A．a(chǎn)ccustomed
  B．disagreeable
  C．responsive
  D．sympathetic
  （4）According to the writer，which of the following statements works best for teens？

  
  A． "If you insist on doing things in this way，you will lose ten points."
  B． "If we had talked about this earlier，you wouldn't have made the mistake."
  C． "If you want to approach a problem differently，you can talk to your parents."
  D． "If you hand in your assignment ahead of time，you will get an extra in return."
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第二節(jié)（共1小題；每小題10分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。

• 4．Many people have the habit of writing a diary.They try to describe clearly and remember correctly all that they see and admire.The word "diary" comes from the Latin word "diarium"，which means "daily allowance". （1）

  .Some experts suggest that keeping a diary is a good form of self-study.
     In America，from the 1940s through the 1980s，a diary was thought of mostly as a way to express one's deepest thoughts while keeping notations（符號） about the day.In those times，writing in a diary was like writing to a friend.Many times，movies would show a teenage girl beginning to write in her diary while she said aloud， "Dear diary， …" （2）

  .
     Private diaries may have historical significance long after the author's death.Those diaries are regarded as the result of how a particular author experienced all the things around. （3）

  .A diary kept by a Jewish girl by the name of Anne Frank documented her experiences while she hid from the Nazis in World War Ⅱ.Her diary has become one of the world's most widely read books.Samuel Pepys，who lived during the 17th century，is still very famous today.His diary was also an important documentation of history. （4）

  .Pepys took diary writing from the general area of business to personal preference.Reading his diary is extremely interesting，and it makes his life all the more real to us.
    （5）

  .The electronic version of the diary，the blog，has made it much more than a personal account of the day's events.There are blogs to document recipes，traveling，product announcements，and anything else that needs to be recorded over time.Search engines like Technorati.jye.ai have been created to keep track of millions of blogs that are available for anyone.Diary has become more popular than ever.
  
  A.It refers to a book consisting of many small parts of writings by date.
  B.More and more personal diaries have given the attention to public interest.
  C.They've proved that writing diaries is highly beneficial to historical development.
  D.By extension the term "diary" has been used to mean the publication in some way.
  E.It gave his clear understanding of some big events such as the Great Fire of London.
  F.They show how people accepted or resisted（抵制）the time and the place in which they lived.
  G.What followed was a summary of the day filled with a strong feeling such as love or hate.
  組卷：2引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

第三部分完形填空（共1小題；每小題1.5分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

• 5．When she was 41 years old，Deanna Mulligan stepped back from the top of her career.Now CEO of Guardian Life Insurance，Ms.Mulligan reflects on that move：
     I was 41 then，when it is（1）

  to be the peak of one's career.At the time，taking a（2）

  was considered a really strange thing.People said to me，"You can't take time off.You'll never（3）

  on a career path."
     Then I had a relative who（4）

  .It was clear at her funeral（葬禮）that she had made a big（5）

  on lots of people as a preschool teacher.I thought about my（6）

  at the time：Could I be a person like her？I was a senior insurance manager.（7）

  ，I didn't gain such career meaning.So for me it was time to break，and I（8）

  that job.
     I took two years off.The first year I spent much time with my family.And I have to say，time with （9）

  .Time to really be alone and think about what I had（10）

  and what that meant for my future.It was a big reset.
     The second year，I was able to（11）

  on what I might like to do next.After many trials，I decided finally my （12）

  career in insurance was my real love.I find it to be very（13）

  -it does help people's lives，especially when they are at their（14）

  moments.
     So I went to work for Guardian Life Insurance，from an employee in 2008 to CEO in 2011.I didn't（15）

  CEO.I just wanted to lead with（16）

  .Now I find purpose and meaning in my job every day.Once you find it，you don't really（17）

  it.So it is OK to take time to （18）

  ，as long as you're discovering what's （19）

  to your jye.ai.Life is not a straight line.And you'll get to the right place （20）

  .
  
  

  （1）	A．ensured	B．reported	C．set	D．supposed
  （2）	A．prize	B．break	C．trip	D．breath
  （3）	A．get back	B．fall down	C．hold on	D．grow up
  （4）	A．gave up	B．left office	C．passed away	D．lived alone
  （5）	A．influence	B．improvement	C．living	D．a(chǎn)dvance
  （6）	A．a(chǎn)chievements	B．life	C．change	D．mood
  （7）	A．Still	B．Besides	C．Instead	D．Therefore
  （8）	A．offered	B．a(chǎn)ccepted	C．lost	D．quitted
  （9）	A．others	B．colleagues	C．myself	D．friends
  （10）	A．a(chǎn)dmired	B．found	C．tested	D．learned
  （11）	A．insist	B．take	C．focus	D．feed
  （12）	A．favorite	B．original	C．future	D．permanent
  （13）	A．meaningful	B．stressful	C．delightful	D．grateful
  （14）	A．last	B．best	C．worst	D．most
  （15）	A．sign up	B．look down upon	C．think about	D．a(chǎn)im at
  （16）	A．values	B．successes	C．power	D．interests
  （17）	A．forget	B．lose	C．recognize	D．replace
  （18）	A．protest	B．entertain	C．perform	D．explore
  （19）	A．romantic	B．wrong	C．important	D．scaring
  （20）	A．dramatically	B．eventually	C．rapidly	D．fortunately
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析

Ⅰ.根據(jù)所給首字母寫出正確的單詞來完成句子或單句語法填空。（每小題1分，共9分）

• 6．Nothing but video games could interest my nephew，and he was completely a

  .
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

• 7．According to Darwin's S

  of the Fittest，only those specie that were able to adapt to the sudden great changes of their living conditions survived.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

• 8．Large q

  of water，as well as some other timely help including a medical team，have been offered since the serious drought hit Yunnan Province.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

• 9．The government should develop a reliable system to p

  when wildfires will occur and give warnings in advance.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.6

  解析

• 10．While the constant

  （repeat） might be boring for mum or dad，it is the best way for babies to learn new words，according to a research.
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.7

  解析

Ⅴ .語法填空（共1小題每小題10分，共10分）

• 29．Organic produce is grown without synthetic fertilizers or pesticides（殺蟲劑），but that doesn't mean it's（1）

  （necessary） better than conventionally grown produce from a climate point of view. （2）

  some cases it can be worse—organic farms often require more land.
      In general，（3）

  you eat matters a lot more than where it comes from，since transportation accounts for only about 6 percent of food's total climate footprint.Some fruits and vegetables（4）

  （transport） by plane can have a high carbon footprint.By contrast，apples，oranges，and bananas are often shipped by sea，which（5）

  （be） more fuel efficient.Cold-climate vegetables such as carrots，and potatoes can （6）

  （store） after the fall harvest and last through the winter.
      It's true that one person alone can have only a tiny impact on the global climate problem.On the other hand，if many people made（7）

  （change） to their diets，that could start to add up.As the world's population keep（8）

  （grow），farmers will need to produce less carbon and grow（9）

  （many） food on less land to limit the destruction（破壞）of forest.Experts have argued that it would make（10）

  big difference if the world's heaviest meat eaters reduced—even slightly.
  組卷：1引用：1難度：0.9

  解析

Ⅵ. 書面表達(dá)（共20分）

• 30．閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，是指構(gòu)成一個完整故事，續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)在150左右。
      One Saturday afternoon，I was watching TV in the living room with my grandpa when a blinding flash of lightning flashed across the sky，followed by a deafening sound，and the pictures on TV disappeared with that sound.Before I realized what had happened，a gray-white shadow rushed in through the open window and flew over my head.Bang!It hit the wall and slid off to the floor.Shaking with fear，I approached it cautiously and saw that it was a pigeon（鴿子）.It looked at me in fear，trying to open its wings and struggling its feet，but apparently powerless.
      So I called my grandpa and immediately set out to give it a helping hand.Taking it in my hands，I felt a few drops of warmth on my hands.It was blood!I gently spread its wings and there were a few red feathers inside. "Don't worry.We'll get it out alive，" Grandpa said to me.Then he got the first-aid box.With some cotton，we dried the blood，cleaned the wound and then put it under a hairdryer to dry.All went smoothly，for the pigeon had no strength left to resist.There happened to be an empty birdcage at home，so I put it in gently and added a little water and some grains.
      For the next few days，the moment I got home from school，I would run to feed the pigeon.And Grandpa helped a lot，tidying up the cage daily.Little by little，its strength returned.One evening，I fed it with the biscuit I was eating.It enjoyed it!One week later，its wound almost healed；its feathers grew and it became brave.Whenever I sat at the table eating biscuits，it looked up at me，cooing（咕咕地叫）constantly.To my joy，I could also reach into the cage to touch it.When I gently fingered its head，it playfully pecked（啄）at me.Finally it completely recovered.But every time I was with it，it seemed restless in the cage.To make it happy and pretty，I tied an orange string around its leg.
  Paragraph 1：One day，however，when I returned home，Grandpa met me at the door，looking embarrassed.______________________
  Paragraph 2：Sure enough，I saw a pigeon flying into the house the next afternoon!_____________________
  組卷：0引用：1難度：0.5

  解析